Ukusukela kwixesha lesi-5 lalapha ekhaya, “umyalelo wokumiselwa kwexabiso” we-EU ekuthunyelweni kwe-oyile yaseRashiya ngolwandle uye wasebenza ngokusemthethweni.Imithetho emitsha iya kubeka ixabiso lexabiso le-US $ 60 ngomgqomo wokuthunyelwa kweoli yaseRashiya.
Ukuphendula kwi-EU "umyalelo wexabiso lexabiso", iRashiya ngaphambili yathi ayiyi kubonelela ngeemveliso zeoli kunye nepetroleum kumazwe abeka imilinganiselo yexabiso kwioli yaseRashiya.Ingaba lo mda wamaxabiso uya kuyichaphazela kangakanani ingxaki yamandla aseYurophu?Ngawaphi amathuba alungileyo okuthengisa ngaphandle kwimarike yasekhaya yeekhemikhali?
Ngaba ukulungiswa kwamaxabiso kuya kusebenza?
Okokuqala, makhe sibone ukuba lo mda wexabiso uyasebenza na?
Ngokutsho kwengxelo kwiwebhusayithi yephephancwadi laseMelika iNational Interests, amagosa aseMerika akholelwa ukuba isilingi sexabiso lenza ukuba abathengi babe nokucaca okukhulu kwexabiso kunye nokuxhamla.Nangona iRashiya izama ukudlula umda wexabiso kunye nabathengi ngaphandle komfelandawonye, ingeniso yabo iya kuhlala idandathekile.
Nangona kunjalo, amanye amazwe amakhulu kusenokwenzeka ukuba angathobeli inkqubo yesilingi yexabiso kwaye aya kuxhomekeka kwiinkonzo ze-inshorensi ngaphandle kwezo ze-EU okanye i-G7.Ulwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo lwentengiso yemveliso yehlabathi lukwabonelela ngasemva ithuba le-oyile yaseRussia phantsi kwesohlwayo sokufumana inzuzo enkulu.
Ngokutsho kwengxelo yoMdla weSizwe, ukusekwa “kombutho wabathengi” akukaze kubonwe ngaphambili.Nangona ingqiqo exhasa umda wexabiso le-oyile inobuchule, isicwangciso somda wexabiso siya kuyenza mandundu isiphithiphithi semarike yamandla yehlabathi, kodwa asiyi kuba nempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni ingeniso yeoli yaseRussia.Kuzo zombini iimeko, iingcamango zabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo basentshona malunga nefuthe kunye neendleko zezopolitiko zemfazwe yabo yezoqoqosho ngokumelene neRashiya ziya kubuzwa.
I-Associated Press ibike ngomhla we-3 ukuba ixabiso lexabiso le-60 leedola alikwazanga ukulimaza iRashiya, lichaza abahlalutyi.Okwangoku, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada yaseRussia yase-Ural yehle ngaphantsi kwe-60 yeedola, ngelixa ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada yaseLondon iBrent yi-85 yeedola ngomphanda.I-New York Post icaphule inkcazo yabahlalutyi beJPMorgan Chase ukuba ukuba icala laseRashiya libuyisela, ixabiso leoli linokunyuka ukuya kwi-380 yeedola ngomphanda.
Owayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezeMali wase-US u-Mnuchin wakha wathi indlela yokunciphisa ixabiso leoli ekrwada yaseRashiya ayinakwenzeka nje kuphela, kodwa igcwele izithuba.Uthe "eqhutywa kukungena kwe-oyile esulungekisiweyo yaseYurophu, i-oyile ekrwada yaseRussia isenokuthi ihambe iye eYurophu nase-United States ngaphandle kwezithintelo ukuba nje idlula kwizikhululo zokuhamba, kwaye ukusetyenzwa kwexabiso elongeziweyo lezikhululo zokuthutha yeyona nto ingcono kwezoqoqosho. , nto leyo eza kukhuthaza iIndiya neTürkiye ukuba zandise iinzame zazo zokuthenga ioli ekrwada yaseRashiya nokucokisa iimveliso zeoli esulungekisiweyo ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, nto leyo enokuba yindawo entsha yokukhula koqoqosho kula mazwe ahambayo.”
Eli xesha ngokungathandabuzekiyo liye lenza nzulu ingxaki yamandla aseYurophu.Nangona i-inventory yegesi yendalo yamazwe amaninzi aseYurophu igcwele umthwalo, ngokwengxelo yaseRashiya yangoku kunye nomkhwa wexesha elizayo eRashiya imfazwe yase-Ukraine, iRashiya ayiyi kuthothisa lula kule nto, kwaye mhlawumbi umda wexabiso yinto nje yokukhohlisa.
UMphathiswa Wezangaphandle waseRussia uSergei Lavrov uthe nge-1 kaDisemba ukuba iRussia ayinamdla kulungiselelo lwasentshona lwexabiso le-oyile yaseRussia, kuba iRussia iya kugqiba ngokuthe ngqo ukuthengiselana kunye namaqabane ayo kwaye ayiyi kubonelela ngeoli kumazwe axhasa ukusetwa kweoyile yaseRussia. isilingi ixabiso.Ngaloo mini, i-Vice-President ye-Central Bank yaseRashiya Yudayeva yathi kwiminyaka yamuva nje, imarike yeoli yamazwe ngamazwe iye yafumana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuguquguquka kobundlobongela.Uqoqosho lwaseRashiya kunye nenkqubo yezemali lubonise ukunyamezela kwimpembelelo yemarike yamandla, kwaye iRashiya ilungele naluphi na utshintsho.
Ngaba imilinganiselo yokunciphisa ixabiso leoyile iya kukhokelela kubonelelo lwe-oyile kumazwe ngamazwe?
Ngokombono wesicwangciso sokuba iYurophu kunye neUnited States azizange zithintele ngokupheleleyo ukuthunyelwa kweoli yaseRashiya ngaphandle, kodwa yathatha amanyathelo okulinganisa ixabiso, iYurophu kunye neUnited States zinethemba lokunciphisa iindleko zemfazwe eMoscow kwaye zizame ukuba zingabi nempembelelo enkulu kwioli yehlabathi. unikezo nemfuno.Kuqikelelwa kule miba mithathu ilandelayo ukuba isantya esinokwenzeka somda wexabiso le-oyile aliyi kukhokelela kubonelelo lwe-oyile olungqongqo kunye nemfuno.
Okokuqala, umda wexabiso eliphezulu le-60 yeedola lixabiso elingayi kukhokelela ekubeni iRashiya ingakwazi ukuthumela ngaphandle kweoli.Siyazi ukuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthengisa ioli yaseRashiya ukususela ngoJuni ukuya ku-Oktobha yayingama-dollar angama-71, kwaye ixabiso lesaphulelo se-oyile yaseRashiya ethunyelwa eIndiya ngo-Oktobha yayimalunga ne-65 yeedola.NgoNovemba, phantsi kweempembelelo zemilinganiselo yokunciphisa ixabiso leoli, ioyile yaseUral yehla ngaphantsi kwe60 yuan amaxesha amaninzi.NgoNovemba 25, ixabiso lokuthunyelwa kweoli yaseRashiya kwi-Primorsk Port yayingama-dollar angama-51.96 kuphela, phantse i-40% ephantsi kune-oyile ekrwada ye-Brent.Ngo-2021 nangaphambili, ixabiso lokuthengisa leoli yaseRashiya lihlala lingaphantsi kweedola ezingama-60.Ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba iRashiya ingathengisi ioli ebusweni bexabiso elingaphantsi kwe-60 yeedola.Ukuba iRashiya ayithengisi ioli, iya kuphulukana nesiqingatha sengeniso yayo yemali.Kuya kubakho iingxaki ezinzulu ekusebenzeni kwelizwe kunye nokusinda komkhosi.Ngoko ke,
imilinganiselo yokunciphisa amaxabiso ayisayi kukhokelela ekuncitshisweni konikezelo lwe-oyile kumazwe ngamazwe.
Okwesibini, ioli yaseVenezuela iya kubuyela eJianghu, esisisilumkiso kwiRashiya.
Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokungena ngokusemthethweni kokuvalwa kweoyile ekrwada kunye nomda wexabiso leoli, uMongameli wase-US uBiden ngequbuliso wakhupha iindaba ezimnandi eVenezuela.Nge-26 kaNovemba, uNondyebo wase-US wavumela i-Chevron enkulu yamandla ukuba iphinde iqalise ishishini layo lokuhlola ioli eVenezuela.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kule minyaka yakutsha nje, iUnited States iye yawisa isigwebo kumazwe amathathu avelisa amandla, angala iIran, iVenezuela neRussia.Ngoku, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqhubeka nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zamandla eRussia, iUnited States ikhupha ioyile yaseVenezuela ukuba ijonge kwaye ilungelelane.
Utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo worhulumente waseBiden luphawu olucacileyo.Kwixesha elizayo, hayi iChevron kuphela, kodwa nezinye iinkampani zeoyile zinokuphinda ziqalise ishishini lokuhlola ioyile eVenezuela nangaliphi na ixesha.Okwangoku, imveliso ye-oyile yemihla ngemihla yaseVenezuela imalunga neebhareli ze-700000, ngelixa ngaphambi kwesohlwayo, imveliso ye-oyile yemihla ngemihla idlula imiphanda ye-3 yezigidi.Iingcali zemizi-mveliso ziqikelela ukuba amandla okuvelisa i-oyile ekrwada yaseVenezuela aya kuphinda abuyele kwimiphanda esisigidi esi-1 ngosuku kwiinyanga ezi-2-3.Kwisiqingatha sonyaka, inokubuyisela kwi-3 yezigidi zemiphanda ngosuku.
Okwesithathu, i-oyile yase-Iranian nayo ihlikihla izandla.Kwezi nyanga zintandathu zidlulileyo, i-Iran ibithethathethana neYurophu kunye ne-United States, ngethemba lokusebenzisa umba wenyukliya ukutshintshiselana ngokususa izohlwayo ze-oyile kunye nokwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-oyile kumazwe angaphandle.Uqoqosho lwase-Iran belunzima kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye iingxabano zasekhaya ziye zaqatsela.Iyaqhubeka nokwandisa ukuthunyelwa kweoli kumazwe angaphandle ukuze iphile.Nje ukuba iRashiya inciphise ukuthunyelwa kwe-oyile kumazwe angaphandle, lithuba elihle lokuba i-Iran inyuse ukuthunyelwa kweoli ngaphandle.
Okwesine, njengoko amazwe amaninzi eqhubeka nokunyusa izinga lenzala yokulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kuya kuthotha ngo-2023, kwaye imfuno yamandla iya kudamba.I-OPEC yenze uqikelelo olunjalo amaxesha amaninzi.Nokuba iYurophu kunye ne-United States zinyanzelise izohlwayo zesilingi zamaxabiso kumandla aseRussia, ubonelelo lwe-oyile ekrwada kwihlabathi liphela lunokufezekisa ibhalansi esisiseko.
Ngaba umda wexabiso leoli uza kukhokelela ekunyukeni ngokukhawuleza kwamaxabiso eoli kumazwe ngamazwe?
Ngomhla we-3 kaDisemba, ebusweni bomda wexabiso leoli laseRashiya eliza kuphunyezwa ngoDisemba 5, amaxabiso e-oyile e-Brent kwixesha elizayo azolile, avale kwi-85,42 yeedola ngomphanda, i-1.68% ephantsi kunosuku lwangaphambili lokurhweba.Ngokusekwe kuvavanyo olubanzi lwezinto ezahlukeneyo, umda wexabiso leoli unokuqhuba kuphela ixabiso leoli, kodwa ungakhokeli ekunyukeni kwexabiso leoli.Kanye njengokuba iingcali zalo nyaka bezikhuthaza ukuba izohlwayo ezichasene neRussia ziyakukhokelela ekwenyukeni kwamaxabiso eoli zisilele ukubona ixabiso leoli elimalunga ne-150 yeedola, azizukulibona ixabiso leoli elingaphezulu kwe-100 yeedola elinokuhlala iiveki ezimbini ngo-2023.
Okokuqala, ibhalansi phakathi kokunikezelwa kwe-oyile yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemfuno iye yasekwa emva kwemfazwe.Emva kwesiphithiphithi sokubonelela kunye nemfuno kwikota yesibini, iYurophu iye yakha ngokutsha umjelo omtsha we-oyile ongathembeli eRashiya, esisiseko sokuhla kwamaxabiso e-oyile yehlabathi kwikota yesithathu.Kwangaxeshanye, nangona amazwe amabini friendly of Russia anda umlinganiselo wokuthengwa kweoli evela eRashiya, bobabini bahlala malunga 20%, engafikeleli EU ukuxhomekeka oyile Russian malunga 45% phambi 2021. Nokuba imveliso yeoli Russian iyayeka. , ayiyi kuba nefuthe elibi kwi-oyile yamazwe ngamazwe.
Okwesibini, iVenezuela kunye ne-Iran zilindele ngexhala isikhundla esiphezulu.Umthamo wokuvelisa i-oyile kula mazwe mabini unokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukuhla kwe-oyile okubangelwa kukuvalwa kwemveliso yeoli yaseRussia.Unikezelo kunye nemfuno ngokusisiseko, kwaye ixabiso alikwazi ukunyuka.
Okwesithathu, uphuhliso lwemithombo yamandla emitsha efana namandla omoya kunye namandla elanga, kunye nophuhliso lwe-bioenergy, kuya kuthatha indawo yemfuno yamandla epetrochemical, ekwayenye yezinto ezithintela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eoli.
Okwesine, emva kokuphunyezwa kweoli ye-oyile yaseRashiya, ngokusekelwe kubudlelwane bothelekiso lwexabiso, ukunyuka kweoli engekho yaseRashiya kuya kunyanzeliswa ngexabiso eliphantsi leoli yaseRashiya.Ukuba i-Middle East Petroleum 85 kunye ne-Russian Petroleum 60 inobudlelwane obuzinzile bokuthelekisa ixabiso, xa ixabiso le-petroleum yaseMiddle East liphakama kakhulu, abanye abathengi baya kugeleza kwi-Petroleum yaseRashiya.Xa ixabiso leoli kuMbindi Mpuma lihla kakhulu kwisiseko se-85, iYurophu kunye ne-United States ziya kunciphisa ixabiso le-oyile ye-oyile yaseRashiya, ukwenzela ukuba amaxabiso amabini afikelele kwi-equilibrium entsha.
"Umyalelo wokunciphisa ixabiso" waseNtshona uvuselela imarike yamandla
IRashiya ifuna ukuseka "umanyano lwegesi yendalo"
Kuxelwe ukuba abanye abahlalutyi kunye namagosa balumkisa ukuba "umyalelo wexabiso lexabiso" elisentshona unokucaphukisa iMoscow kwaye yenze ukuba inqumle unikezelo lwegesi yendalo kumazwe aseYurophu.Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha kulo nyaka, amazwe aseYurophu angenisa i-42% yegesi yendalo engama-liquefied evela eRashiya ngaphezu kwexesha elifanayo ngo-2021.
Kwakhona kwanikelwa ingxelo yokuba iRashiya yayixubusha ngokusekwa “komanyano lwegesi yendalo” neKazakhstan neUzbekistan.Isithethi sikaMongameli waseKazakh uKassym Jomart Tokayev uthe eli linyathelo elibekwe phambili nguMongameli waseRussia uPutin.
U-Peskov uthe ingcamango yokuseka umfelandawonye yayisekelwe ikakhulu ekuqwalaselweni kwesicwangciso sonikezelo lwamandla olulungelelanisiweyo, kodwa iinkcukacha zazisephantsi kothethwano.UPeskov ucebise ukuba iKazakhstan inokonga “amashumi eebhiliyoni zeerandi ezichithwe kwimibhobho” ngokungenisa igesi yendalo yaseRashiya.U-Peskov uphinde wathi isicwangciso sinethemba lokuba la mazwe mathathu aya kuqinisa ulungelelwaniso kwaye aphuhlise ukusetyenziswa kwerhasi yasekhaya kunye neziseko zokuthutha.
Liphi ithuba lemarike?
Ukunqongophala kwamandla eYurophu kunye nokunyuka okubukhali kwexabiso kuya kubangela ukunqongophala okuqhubekayo kwegesi yendalo esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwemveliso, kwaye iindleko zokuvelisa iikhemikhali zaseYurophu ziya kunyuka kakhulu.Kwangaxeshanye, ukunqongophala kwamandla kunye neendleko eziphezulu kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni umthwalo we-passive wezityalo zekhemikhali zasekhaya, okubangela umsantsa omkhulu kunikezelo lweekhemikhali, ngakumbi ukukhuthaza ukunyuka okubukhali kwexabiso lemveliso yasekhaya eYurophu.
Okwangoku, umahluko wexabiso lemveliso yeekhemikhali phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu uyakhula, kwaye umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kweemveliso zemichiza yaseTshayina kulindeleke ukuba unyuke kakhulu.Kwixesha elizayo, inzuzo yonikezelo lwaseTshayina kumandla emveli kunye namandla amatsha kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke, inzuzo yeendleko zeekhemikhali zaseTshayina ngokunxulumene neYurophu iya kuqhubeka ikhona, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi kunye nenzuzo yoshishino lweekhemikhali zaseTshayina kulindeleke ukuba luqhubeke ngakumbi.
I-Guohai Securities ikholelwa ukuba inxalenye yangoku yoshishino lweekhemikhali ezisisiseko sikwimo elungileyo: phakathi kwabo, kukho ukulindela ukuphuculwa komda kwishishini lezindlu zasekhaya, okulungileyo kumacandelo e-polyurethane kunye ne-soda ash;Ukuvundiswa kwengxaki yamandla yaseYurophu, kugxininise kwiindidi zevithamini ezinomthamo ophezulu wemveliso eYurophu;Ikhonkco leshishini lemichiza ye-phosphorus esezantsi lineempawu zeshishini lemichiza yezolimo kunye nokukhula kwamandla amatsha;Icandelo lamatayara elingeniso yalo ibuyiselwa ngokuthe ngcembe.
I-Polyurethane: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqaliswa kweNqaku le-16 yomgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso yemali ye-real estate kuya kunceda ukuphucula umda we-real estate market kunye nokukhuthaza imfuno ye-polyurethane;Kwelinye icala, amandla okuvelisa i-MDI kunye ne-TDI eYurophu abangela umlinganiselo ophezulu.Ukuba ingxaki yamandla iyaqhubeka nokuvunda, imveliso ye-MDI kunye ne-TDI eYurophu inokuhla, nto leyo ilungele ukuthunyelwa kwemveliso yasekhaya kumazwe angaphandle.
Uthuthu lwesoda: Ukuba imarike yezindlu yasekhaya iphuculwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba imfuno yeglasi ecaba ilungiswe.Ngexesha elifanayo, umthamo omtsha weglasi ye-photovoltaic uya kuqhuba imfuno yesoda ash.
IiVithamini: Umthamo wokuvelisa i-vitamin A kunye ne-vitamin E eYurophu yenza umlinganiselo omkhulu.Ukuba ingxaki yamandla yaseYurophu iyaqhubeka nokubila, imveliso yevithamin A kunye nevithamin E inokuncipha kwakhona, ixhasa ixabiso.Ukongeza, ingeniso yokufuya iihagu zasekhaya iye yaphucuka kancinane kwixesha elizayo elingekude, nto leyo elindeleke ukuba ivuselele umdla wamafama wokuncedisa, ngaloo ndlela ivuselela imfuno yevithamin kunye nezinye izongezo zokutya.
Ishishini lemichiza ye-Phosphorus: Ngokukhutshwa kwemfuno yokugcina isichumisi ebusika, ixabiso lesichumisi sephosphate lilindeleke ukuba lizinze kwaye linyuke;Ngexesha elifanayo, imfuno ye-iron phosphate yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kuyaqhubeka nokuba namandla.
Amatayara: Kwinqanaba lokuqala, njengoko amatayara avalelwe kumazibuko aseMelika aguqulwa abe yi-inventory yomthengisi, uluhlu lwamajelo aseMelika lwaluphezulu, kodwa.
Ngokukhuthazwa kokuya kwindawo yokugcina impahla, ii-odolo zokuthumela ngaphandle kwamashishini amatayara kulindeleke ukuba zibuyele kwimeko yawo kancinane.
JinDun Chemicaliye OEM processing izityalo e Jiangsu, Anhui kunye nezinye iindawo eziye zasebenzisana kangangamashumi eminyaka, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo ngakumbi kwiinkonzo zokuvelisa ezilungiselelwe imichiza ekhethekileyo.I-JinDun Chemical igxininisa ekudaleni iqela elinamaphupha, ukwenza iimveliso ngesidima, ubuqili, ubukhali, kwaye uphume wonke ube liqabane elithembekileyo kunye nomhlobo wabathengi!Zama ukwenzaizixhobo ezintsha zeekhemikhaliukuzisa ikamva elingcono kwihlabathi!
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-03-2023