Ukusebenziseka lula, iimonomers zepolymeric zihlala zihlelwa ngokweendidi ezintathu eziphambili: iimonomers ezinzima, iimonomers ezithambileyo kunye neemonomers ezisebenzayo.I-Methyl methacrylate (MMA), i-styrene (ST), kunye ne-acrylic eye (AN) zezona zixhaphakileyo iimonomers ezinzima, ngelixa i-ethyl acrylate (EA), i-butyl acrylate (BA), kunye ne-isooctyl acrylate (2-EHA) zezona zixhaphakileyo. isetyenziswe iimonomers ezithambileyo.
Iasidi emide ye-acrylic kunye ne-methacrylic esters (efana ne-lauryl kunye ne-octadecyl esters) inokumelana ngcono notywala kunye nokuxhathisa amanzi.
Iimonomers ezisebenzayo zi-acrylates kunye ne-methacrylates equkethe amaqela e-hydroxyl, kunye ne-monomers equkethe amaqela e-carboxyl yi-acrylic acid kunye ne-methacrylic acid.Ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-hydroxyl kunokubonelela ngamaqela asebenzayo kwi-solvent-based resins kunye ne-polyurethane yokuphilisa i-agent kunye ne-amino resins yokudibanisa.Ezinye iimonomers ezisebenzayo zezi: acrylamide (AAM), hydroxymethylacrylamide (NMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) kunye ne-ethyl acetoacetate methacrylate (AAEM), i-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), i-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), i-vinyl siloxanes, i-vinylsithoethoethoni ye-vinylxytrilane, i-vinyl siloxanes, i-vinylsithoethon (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyl triisopropoxy silane, γ-methyl propionyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, γ-methyl propionyloxypropyl tri(β-trimethoxyethoxy silane) monomer, njl. Isixa se-monomer esebenzayo ngokuqhelekileyo ilawulwa kwi-1% ~ 6% (i-mass ratio) , hayi kakhulu, kungenjalo kunokuchaphazela ukuzinza kokugcinwa kwe-resin okanye ipeyinti I-Vinyl triisopropoxysilane monomer ngenxa ye-isopropyl site-blocking effect, i-Si-O bond hydrolysis icotha, isixa sinokunyuswa ukuya kwi-10% kwi-polymerization ye-emulsion, efanelekileyo ukuphucula ukumelana kwamanzi emulsions, weathering kunye nezinye iipropathi, kodwa ixabiso layo liphezulu. , i-evaporation yamanzi ingaba kwibhulorho ye-macromolecular chain phakathi kokubunjwa kwefilimu edibeneyo.
I-Carboxyl monomer equlethe i-acrylic acid kunye ne-methacrylic acid, ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-carboxyl kunokuphucula i-resin kumbala, ukumanzisa kwe-filler kunye nokunamathela kwi-substrate, kwaye kunye neqela le-epoxy linokuphinda lisebenze, ukunyangwa kwee-amino resins kunomsebenzi wokuvuselela.Umxholo we-carboxyl we-resin usetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ixabiso le-asidi (AV), oko kukuthi, inani lemilligrams ye-KOH efunekayo ukuze i-neutralize 1g resin, iyunithi mgKOH / g (i-resin eqinile), ulawulo lwe-AV ngokubanzi malunga ne-10mgKOH / g (eqinile i-resin), inkqubo ye-polyurethane, i-AV ephantsi kancinci, i-amino resin ene-AV ingaba nkulu, ukukhuthaza ukudibanisa.
Xa udibanisa i-hydroxy acrylic resin, uhlobo kunye nesixa se-hydroxyl monomer sinempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-resin.Inxalenye ye-hydroxy acrylic acid yenkqubo ye-polyurethane yamacandelo amabini idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-primary hydroxyl monomer: i-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) okanye i-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA);i-hydroxy acrylic acid component yepeyinti yokubhaka i-amino idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-monoma ye-hydroxyl yesibini: i-acrylic acid-β-hydroxypropyl ester (HPA) okanye i-methacrylic acid-β-hydroxypropyl ester (HPMA).Umsebenzi we-monomer uphezulu, kwaye i-hydroxypropyl resin eyenziwe ngayo isetyenziswe njengenxalenye ye-hydroxyl ye-amino yokubhaka i-lacquer, echaphazela ukugcinwa kwe-lacquer, ingakwazi.
khetha imonoma yehydroxypropyl yesibini.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho iimonomers ezintsha ze-hydroxyl, ezifana ne-acrylic acid okanye i-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, i-hydroxyethyl methacrylate kunye ne-ε-caprolactone yokongeza (1:1 okanye 1:2 mol ratio, iNkampani ye-Dow Chem).I-resins eyenziwe ngokongezwa kwe-hydroxyethyl methacrylate kunye ne-ε-caprolactone ine-viscosity ephantsi, kwaye ukulinganisela okulungileyo kobunzima kunye nokuguquguquka kunokufezekiswa.Ukongeza, ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-hydroxyl ekupheleni kwekhonkco le-macromolecular nge-hydroxyl-type transfer agents (ezifana ne-mercaptoethanol, i-mercaptopropanol, kunye ne-2-hydroxyethyl mercaptopropionate) iphucula ukuhanjiswa kwamaqela e-hydroxyl, yandisa ubunzima, kwaye iyancipha i-molecular. ukusabalalisa ubunzima, ukunciphisa i-viscosity yenkqubo.
Ukuphucula ukumelana ne-ethanol ukwazisa i-styrene, i-acrylate kunye ne-methacrylic acid ephuculweyo ye-alkyl esters ukunciphisa umxholo weqela le-ester.Zombini zinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ukulinganisa ubume bemozulu kunye nokumelana ne-ethanol.I-Methacrylic acid eqhubela phambili i-alkyl esters yi-lauryl methacrylate, i-octadecyl methacrylate, njl.
I-C resins yeengubo zihlala zi-copolymers, kwaye umsebenzi wabo we-copolymerization kufuneka uqwalaselwe xa ukhetha i-monomers.Ngenxa yesakhiwo esahlukileyo se-monomer, umsebenzi we-copolymerization wahlukile, ukubunjwa kwe-copolymer kunye nokwakheka komxube we-monomer ngokuqhelekileyo kuyahluka, ngenxa yokubini, i-terpolymerization, inokunxulumana nge-equation yokwakheka kwe-copolymer.Kwii-copolymers ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo, akukho lungelelwaniso lulungileyo lufumanekayo, kuphela ngezifundo zovavanyo, uhlalutyo oluthile lweengxaki ezithile.Ngokwesiqhelo, umxube we-monomer "indlala" yendlela yokutya (oko kukuthi isantya sokutya kwe-monomer
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Ukuba akukho xabiso lezinga le-polymerization, ixabiso le-Q kunye ne-e le-monomer lingasetyenziselwa ukubala izinga le-polymerization, okanye lisebenzise ngokuthe ngqo i-Q kunye ne-e ukuvavanya nje umsebenzi we-copolymerization, i-copolymerization jikelele ye-monomer Q ixabiso alinakuhluka kakhulu, kungenjalo kunzima ukwenza i-copolymerize;xa ixabiso le-e lihlukile, kulula ukutshintshela i-copolymerization, abanye kunzima ukwenza i-monomer ngokudibanisa ixabiso eliphakathi le-Q le-monomer, kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-copolymerization.
Ukukhetha i-monomer kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe ubungakanani betyhefu ye-monomer, i-acrylate toxicity jikelele inkulu kune-toxicity ye-methacrylate ehambelanayo, njenge-methyl acrylate toxicity inkulu kune-toxicity ye-methyl methacrylate, ngaphezu kobutyhefu be-ethyl acrylate. nayo inkulu.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-22-2021